NVOCC (Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier)

Currently, the carrier’s definition, the general is “a contract of carriage with the consignor or the person the actual transportation of people.” Agents into the field of international freight transport, to carry out a single mode or multimodal transport business, with clients as a contract of carriage, and issuing the transport document (FCT, FBL, etc.), responsible for transport, which has become a carrier . However, because they generally do not own or control means of transport can only transport through the carrier has entered into a contract of carriage, the actual transportation by others, such carrier known as NVOCC. NVOCC business only in the actual contract carrier, but the actual completion of the transport carrier is the actual carrier.

NVOCC business

As the economic, technological practice different, whether at home or abroad, non-vessel operating carrier very different scope, and do some non-vessel carrier cargo customs clearance, cargo transfer, short-haul, freight forwarding and distribution , and a variety of different modes of transport booking agency business, some of which apply only to one or more business.
The principal activities of NVOCC

1. As a carrier and shipper for the carriage of goods contract, the issue of shipping documents (bills of lading, consignment note), and to accept goods from place to place of destination, transportation for delivery of the goods.

2. As a general cargo carrier organizations, the entire transport, development of the whole transportation plan and organize the implementation of activities.

3. Requirements and the goods to the shipper, the specific conditions of contact with the actual carrier will transport (booking).

4. Received from the hands of the shipper of goods, organization or agency to export to Hong Kong Transport, a contract of carriage (in my name), and to deliver the goods to the ocean carriers have been booking. In the transition process, on behalf of the owner to complete the declaration, inspection, Tally and other procedures.

5. If necessary, the goods for storage and the database business.

6. In the hands of the port from the ocean carrier to accept goods, the delivery of the goods to the consignee. The owner is concerned, non-vessel carrier delivers the goods to transport, compared to the traditional carrier transport in the formalities to be much more convenient and can save freight forwarders commissioned this part.

According to the scope and nature of business is different from non-vessel carrier can be divided into the following three categories:

1. Carrier type
Such kind of shipping carrier is determined in their transport routes to carry out transport activities, to accept the shipper of the goods and issue bills of lading, the goods in transit loss, damage responsibility. In actual operations, he is a contract carrier, not by yourself transportation, only the goods to the actual carrier transport, and to accept the goods at destination, delivery of goods to the consignee.

2. Forwarders type
Such NVOCC specializing in transit, goods in transit and the major destination, with its own branch (office), or agents, from the hands of the shipper or the carrier to accept the land transport of goods, issuing bills of lading, Then apply for continuation transportation, transit, delivery, the carrier delivers the goods to the sea, from sea to complete maritime transport carrier in the port of destination to receive the goods, to raise the consignee. The type and carrier type of the main difference is that it is not limited to transportation routes, not only to choose the appropriate carrier, can also choose the most suitable transport routes. Currently, many shipping companies Zai canvassing area, pairs of non-vessel carrier Jiaoda transfer of dependence, therefore, Zhuanyun people canvassing in the Wei Zi Ji, Jingyingzhuanyun also actively De Zuowei agent, representative carrier people go through to accept delivery of goods, loading, unloading, care to do, collecting freight and other services, and derive the difference between receipts and shipping.

3. Agent-based
Class NVOCC in the cargo doors to take different after the owner, in principle, to provide transportation services directly to the owner, instead of using the “wholesale” approach, by mode of transport and direction, to transport people or type bulk carrier type The non-vessel carrier, bill of lading issued by them. Since this approach has obvious agent characteristics, so called agent-based. NVOCC act as a broker in recent years the emergence of a form of transport services, this type of non-vessel operating carrier generally do not engage in specific activities and the actual services business, the organization engaged only in transportation, goods distribution, transportation the choice of means and transport routes and services to improve their income mainly intermediary fees and because the “wholesale” freight differences arising.

International Shipping and Moving

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The Forwarder as Logistics Provider

Unlike transport services, a forwarder providing logistic services acts as principal, and not as agent of some other provider. In its role as logistics provider, a forwarder will provide other services such as consolidation of shipments from supplier, inventory management, distribution services, such as labeling, order fulfillment, and local delivery to consumers, pick and pack (i.e. assembly of products into consumer goods for retail sale), and many other.

Logistics agreement assume a relationship that will continue for a period of time, covering more than arrangements for transport of goods on individual occasions. A logistics relationship is more frequently formalized in a signed agreement operative over a period of time that covers all goods handled by the forwarder during the period.

If there is no signed agreement, these services present problems of contract management and interpretation that are in principle no different from those arising in the transport of goods. Naturally the content of the forwarder's undertakings applicable to transport services. Given these differences, FENEX (Netherlands Association for Forwarding and Logistics) has prepared standard conditions for logistics services that are available on its website.